A properly fitted saddle pad is essential for your horse's comfort and performance. The wrong size or shape can cause pressure points, restrict movement, and lead to back soreness. This comprehensive guide will teach you how to measure your horse accurately and choose the perfect saddle pad for their needs.
Why Saddle Pad Fit Matters
A saddle pad serves multiple purposes: it protects your horse's back from the saddle, absorbs sweat, provides cushioning, and helps distribute pressure evenly. However, a poorly fitted pad can do more harm than good, creating uneven pressure, causing the saddle to slip, or restricting shoulder movement.
Signs of poor saddle pad fit:
- Pad bunching or wrinkling under the saddle
- Pad slipping forward, backward, or to one side
- White hairs or dry patches on your horse's back (pressure points)
- Your horse showing discomfort when being tacked up or ridden
- Saddle sitting unevenly or rocking
Understanding Saddle Pad Shapes
Saddle pads come in different shapes designed for specific disciplines and saddle types.
Common Saddle Pad Shapes
All-Purpose/General Purpose (AP/GP):
- Moderate forward cut
- Suitable for general riding, hacking, and light jumping
- Most versatile option
Dressage:
- Square or rectangular shape
- Longer and straighter cut to accommodate dressage saddle
- Provides coverage under the longer saddle flap
Jumping/Close Contact:
- Forward cut with more pronounced shoulder relief
- Shorter length than AP pads
- Designed for jumping saddles with forward flaps
Western:
- Larger, often contoured shape
- Designed for Western saddles
- Typically thicker for added cushioning
How to Measure Your Horse
Accurate measurements ensure you choose the right size saddle pad.
What You'll Need
- Flexible measuring tape
- Helper (optional but useful)
- Pen and paper to record measurements
Key Measurements
1. Back Length
Measure from the withers to the point where you want the pad to end (typically the last rib or slightly beyond):
- Place the tape at the highest point of the withers
- Run it along the spine to the desired end point
- Typical range: 50-65cm for most horses
2. Wither Height
Measure from the ground to the highest point of the withers:
- Stand your horse square on level ground
- Measure straight up from the ground to the top of the withers
- This helps determine if you need extra wither clearance
3. Shoulder Angle
Observe your horse's shoulder slope:
- Steep shoulders may need more forward-cut pads
- Laid-back shoulders can accommodate straighter cuts
- This affects how the pad sits and moves with your horse
4. Back Width
Measure across the back at the widest point (usually behind the withers):
- This helps determine if you need a wider or narrower pad
- Broader horses may need pads with more coverage
Choosing the Right Size
Saddle pads are typically sized by their shape and dimensions.
Standard Sizing
Pony:
- Approximately 45-50cm length
- Suitable for ponies up to 14.2hh
Cob:
- Approximately 50-55cm length
- Suitable for cobs and smaller horses (14.2-15.2hh)
Full/Horse:
- Approximately 55-60cm length
- Suitable for most horses (15.2-17hh)
Extra Full/Warmblood:
- Approximately 60-65cm+ length
- Suitable for larger horses and warmbloods (17hh+)
Matching Pad to Saddle
Your saddle pad should complement your saddle:
- Pad should extend 2-3cm beyond the saddle on all sides
- Shape should match saddle type (dressage pad for dressage saddle, etc.)
- Pad shouldn't be so large it bunches or so small it doesn't provide coverage
Assessing Fit
Once you have a saddle pad, check the fit carefully.
Proper Fit Checklist
Wither clearance:
- Pad should not press down on the withers
- You should be able to fit 2-3 fingers between the pad and withers when the saddle is on
- Consider pads with wither relief or shims if needed
Spine clearance:
- Pad should not put pressure on the spine
- Look for pads with a spine channel or cut-out
Shoulder freedom:
- Pad should not restrict shoulder movement
- Watch your horse move—pad shouldn't pull or bunch at the shoulder
- Forward-cut pads help prevent shoulder interference
Even coverage:
- Pad should sit evenly on both sides
- No bunching, wrinkling, or gaps
- Extends slightly beyond saddle on all sides
Stability:
- Pad should stay in place during riding
- Shouldn't slip forward, backward, or sideways
- Use girth loops or billet straps to secure if needed
Special Considerations
High Withers
Horses with prominent withers need extra clearance:
- Look for pads with built-in wither relief
- Consider half pads or shims for additional lift
- Ensure adequate clearance to prevent rubbing
Broad or Flat Backs
Horses with wide or flat backs may need:
- Wider pads for better coverage
- Thicker padding for cushioning
- Pads designed for broader horses
Sensitive or Sore Backs
For horses with back sensitivity:
- Choose pads with extra cushioning (gel, memory foam, or sheepskin)
- Ensure saddle fit is correct first—a pad can't fix a poorly fitted saddle
- Consider therapeutic pads designed for back support
- Consult your vet or saddle fitter if soreness persists
Material Considerations
Different materials offer different benefits:
Cotton/Quilted:
- Breathable and washable
- Good for everyday use
- Moderate cushioning
Sheepskin/Fleece:
- Excellent cushioning and moisture-wicking
- Natural temperature regulation
- Requires more maintenance
Gel:
- Superior shock absorption
- Conforms to horse's back
- Heavier and can be warm
Memory Foam:
- Molds to horse's back shape
- Excellent pressure distribution
- Good for sensitive horses
Maintaining Your Saddle Pad
Proper care extends the life of your saddle pad:
- Brush off dirt and hair after each use
- Wash regularly according to manufacturer instructions
- Air dry completely before storing
- Check for wear, lumps, or damage regularly
- Replace when padding becomes compressed or uneven
When to Seek Professional Help
Consult a qualified saddle fitter if:
- Your horse shows persistent back soreness
- You're unsure about saddle or pad fit
- Your horse's shape has changed significantly
- You're experiencing ongoing saddle slip or movement issues
- You notice white hairs or dry patches developing
Remember: a saddle pad should complement a well-fitted saddle, not compensate for poor saddle fit.
Final Thoughts
Measuring your horse for a saddle pad doesn't have to be complicated. By taking accurate measurements, choosing the appropriate shape and size, and regularly assessing fit, you'll ensure your horse's comfort and performance. A well-fitted saddle pad is an investment in your horse's wellbeing and your riding experience.
For more horse care and equipment advice, explore our Stable & Sound blog and discover quality equestrian supplies.
